摘要:在科学技术和社会经济高速发展的时代背景下,城市中各种高楼大厦拔地而起,然而这些高楼大厦的出现在给人们生活带来巨大变化的同时,也为现代的建筑暖通空调设计人员带来了难题。科学合理的进行暖通空调设计,不仅可以提高人们的生活质量,还可以为会社节约大量的能源资源。而如果在设计的过程中,不严格按照相关要求,不对建筑实际情况进行充分把握,就使暖通空调不能够发挥出应有的功效,因此对高层建筑暖通空调设计进行研究不仅迫在眉睫,而且意义重大。本文通过对高层建筑暖通空调设计的研究,然后对其设计要点进行了深入分析,并且设计工作中的细节把握进行了详细阐述,以供同行参考。
关键词:高层建筑:暖通空调;设计重点;设计难点
Abstract: the rapid development of science and technology and the social economy under the background of the times, the city in a variety of many-storied buildings rise straight from the ground, but these many-storied buildings in bringing great changes at the same time, also brings problems for the modern building HVAC engineer. For HVAC design scientific and reasonable, not only can improve the quality of people's life, but also se a lot of energy resources for the society. And if in the design process, not strictly in accordance with the relevant requirements, not fully grasp the building actual situation, makes air-conditioning can not play its due effect, therefore not only imminent to study the air conditioning design of high-rise building HVAC, but also of great significance. Based on the study of air conditioning design of high-rise building HVAC, then analyses the key points of the design, and design work in the grasp of the details are described in detail, for reference.
Key words: high-rise building: HVAC; design; the design difficulty
关键词:高层建筑:暖通空调;设计重点;设计难点
Abstract: the rapid development of science and technology and the social economy under the background of the times, the city in a variety of many-storied buildings rise straight from the ground, but these many-storied buildings in bringing great changes at the same time, also brings problems for the modern building HVAC engineer. For HVAC design scientific and reasonable, not only can improve the quality of people's life, but also se a lot of energy resources for the society. And if in the design process, not strictly in accordance with the relevant requirements, not fully grasp the building actual situation, makes air-conditioning can not play its due effect, therefore not only imminent to study the air conditioning design of high-rise building HVAC, but also of great significance. Based on the study of air conditioning design of high-rise building HVAC, then analyses the key points of the design, and design work in the grasp of the details are described in detail, for reference.
Key words: high-rise building: HVAC; design; the design difficulty
1 暖通空调系统的类型
暖通空调系统种类繁多,但是基本原理都是想通的。其常见的几种类型是:全空气系统、空气—水系统和全水系统。另外还有:分散式供冷或供暖、热泵系统、热回收系统和蓄冷。全空气系统:在这类系统中,空调空间的所有要求(如加热、加湿、冷却及除湿等)都靠送风来满足。空气—水系统:这类系统通常是用冷水带走空调空间的大多是显热负荷,而用空气提供通风以保证空气质源于:论文格式模板www.udooo.com
量并带走由于空间的潜热负荷造成的湿气,当然空气也提供一些额外的显热冷却。全水系统:这类系统指那些具有风机盘管、组合通风装置或重力循环式室内末端的系统。未调节的流通空气通过墙上的通风口送入或渗入。其最大的优点在于能够适应许多建筑物空气调节要求,并且可灵活地应用在空调系统的改造中。分散式供冷:分散式冷却系统的最大优点是热负载变化时,可自动增加或减少冷水机组开启数量,调节制冷或除湿量,既满足温、湿度要求,又节约能源。各机组之间相互独立,互不影响,可靠性高,保养、维护方便。热泵系统:热泵系统是一种利用高位能使热量从低位热源流向高位热源的高效的建筑物供能技术。根据冷热源的来源不同,热泵技术可划分为水源热泵技术、地源热泵技术、空气源热泵技术。水源热泵技术和地源热泵技术均可用于开发利用地热能。它们的优点是无污染、运行费用低以及一机三用(冬季取暖、夏季制冷、全年供生活热水)。水源/地源热泵用于夏季制冷时,其运行费用低于分体空调和户式空调,不会产生热岛效应。而用于冬季供暖时,其运行费用仅为电采暖的四分之一,燃油和燃气采暖的三分之一。利用可再生能源的热泵系统将成为未来我国建筑物供暖空调的最重要的解决方式之一。热回收系统和蓄冷:一种涉及空调制冷领域的可节约能源装置,尤其是一种主要应用于人们生产生活环境的空调系统,在制取冷量的同时可以制取生活热水的一种带有蓄冷功能的冷水机组热回收系统。