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教师以关联视角英语教师课堂话语提问科技

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摘要:在外语课堂上,教师提问不仅可以为学生提供大量的目标语可理解输入,而且能够推动学生的目标语输出,教师提问作为一种重要的教学技艺一直以来受到很多探讨者的关注,以不足类型,不足修正,反馈方式为三个维度,及对教师话语用关联论述以认知语用视角去浅析教师课堂提问,以论述上寻找课交际成功的解释力,提出推动课堂交际成功的合理性倡议。该探讨的主要被试有甘肃省天水市桥南中学的两位初二级的英语老师和两个平行班的90位学生,首先对两位教师的三节课进行录音并部分转写,然后向学生发放问卷。通过对数据的统计浅析,可以得出以下结论:1.新手教师在英语课堂上利用的展示性不足多于熟手教师,熟手教师更注重于参考性不足的输出,熟手教师的参考性不足较多,新手次之,通常,学生对展示性不足的应答要比参考性不足体现的更好,课堂师生交际的效果越好。2.新手教师利用的评价反馈语最多,熟手教师次之,而熟手教师惯于利用话语反馈,评价反馈次之。3.通过问卷调查,学生最容易接受的教师提问类型是提示,其次是重复,分解和转述,教师所利用的不足修正越恰当,学生的回答越正确。4.以教师向学生传达角度来讲,教师提问时,首先要考虑不足的类型,也就是考虑不足所包含的信息能否转变学生的认知语境;其次,提出不足的方式要显著,要明白无误的学生传达信息;当不足未得到即时的反馈,要设法修正不足,尽可能多的给学生提供与即时语境有关的信息,使学生能结合认知语境找到照应,获得新的知识,最终达到更好的教学效果。本探讨对新手和熟手教师的课堂话语差别进行了调查和探究,期望能对职前教师和在职教师的教学进展有所启迪。关键词:不足类型论文新手教师论文熟手教师论文不足修正论文反馈方式论文

    Abstract6-7

    摘要7-8

    List of Tables8-9

    Lists of Abbreviations9-10

    Chapter One Introduction10-12

    1.1 Objective of the Study10

    1.2 Significance of the Research10-11

    1.3 The Structure of the Thesis11-12

    Chapter Two Literature Review12-24

    2.1 Definition of Teacher Talk12

    2.2 Aspects of Teacher Talk12-13

    2.2.1 Teachers’ Questions12

    2.2.2 Functions of Questions12-13

    2.2.3 Types of Questions13

    2.3 Teachers’ Feedback13

    2.4 Previous Researches from Teacher Talk13-15

    2.5 Three Hypotheses of Teacher Talk15-18

    2.5.1 Comprehensible Input Hypothesis15-16

    2.5.2 Output Hypothesis16

    2.5.3 Negotiated Interaction Hypothesis16-18

    2.6 Traditional Views on Context18-19

    2.7 Definitions of Cognitive Context19-21

    2.8 Features of Cognitive Context21-22

    2.9 Summary22-24

    Chapter Three Theoretical Framework24-31

    3.1 Relevance Theory and Cognitive Context24-26

    3.1.1 Key Concepts of Relevance Theory24

    3.1.2 Cognitive Context in Relevance Theory24-26

    3.2 Ostensive-inferential Communication in Teacher-student Interaction26-28

    3.2.1 Students’ Inference of Teacher Talk27

    3.2.2 Optimal Relevance in Teacher Talk27-28

    3.3 Optimal Relevance in Teacher Talk’s Modification28

    3.4 Optimal Relevance in Teachers’ Questions28-29

    3.5 Optimal Relevance in Teachers’ Feedback29

    3.6 Summary29-31

    Chapter Four Methodology31-34

    4.1 Research Questions31

    4.2 Subjects31

    4.3 Instrument31-32

    4.3.1 Audio-recording31-32

    4.3.2 Questionnaire32

    4.4 Procedure of Data Collection and Analysis32-34

    Chapter Five Results and Discussions34-50

    5.1 Results of the Study34-46

    5.1.1 Results from the case study34-42

    5.1.2 Summary of the Three Cases42

    5.1.3 Results of classroom observation42-43

    5.1.4 Results of Questionnaire43-46

    5.2 Discussion46-50

    5.2.1 Discussion for the Result of Research Question 146-48

    5.2.2 Discussion for the Result of Research Question 248-49

    5.2.3 Discussion for the Result of Research Question 349-50

    Chapter Six Conclusion50-53

    6.1 Summary of the Research Findings50-51

    6.2 Imppcation51

    6.3 Limitations of the Thesis and Research51-52

    6.4 Suggestions of Future Study52-53

    Bibpography53-57

    Appendix I57-58

    Appendix II58-62

    Acknowledgements62

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