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从关联理谈角度《拉里·金》中话语标记语oh

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摘要:话语标记语是电视访谈类会话中常见而又容易被忽视的语言手段。纵观国内外学者的研究成果,前人从关联认知的角度对某一特定情景和文体下话语标记语在话语生成中的特定作用的研究较少,而以美国访谈类节目为语料对个别话语标记语oh的较为系统的研究更是很少有人问津。因此,本研究旨在以关联理论为框架,研究交际者如何运用话语标记语oh这一语言策略实现最佳关联,以期探讨oh对话语理解的语用制约作用。以话语标记语oh为研究对象,选用美国访谈类节目《拉里·金》为语料,从中抽取了四十篇转写文本,定性和定量相的研究方法,以Sperber和Wilson的关联理论为框架,分析话语标记语oh对话语理解的六种语用制约功能。旨在回答以下三个问题:,话语标记语oh的内在特征是什么;,在关联理论框架下,话语标记语oh的语用功能是什么;,话语标记语oh在《拉里·金》中是如何实现最佳关联的?研究以下:话语标记语oh在大情况下充当语气助词,可以帮助说话人表达的情感;在关联理论框架下,话语标记语oh具有多种语用功能。对语料《拉里·金》中话语标记语oh的语用功能的研究,本研究总结了oh的六大语用功能:即情感标记语、信息重组标记语、延缓标记语、推断标记语、面子缓和标记语和触发标记语。《拉里·金》中体现了oh的六种功能,其中oh作为情感标记语的功能较为常用;话语标记语oh可以影响和制约听话人对话语的理解,使听话人付出较小的认知努力而的认知效果,从而达到最佳关联,这保证了交际的顺利。因此,从关联理论的角度分析《拉里·金》中的话语标记语oh的语用制约功能具有的理论和现实。尽管仍有不足之处,但它丰富了话语标记语领域的研究,证明了关联理论对话语标记语的强大阐释力,有助于二语学习者正确理解和运用话语标记语,增强交流的效果。关键词:话语标记语论文oh论文语用功能论文关联理论论文

    ABSTRACT4-5

    摘要5-6

    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS6-9

    CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION9-15

    1.1 A general description of the study9-11

    1.2 The purpose and significance of the study11-12

    1.3 Data collection and methodology12-13

    1.4 Organization of the thesis13-15

    CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW15-28

    2.1 Previous studies on discourse markers15-21

    2.1.1 Studies abroad15-18

    2.1.2 Studies in China18-19

    2.1.3 Previous studies of discourse marker oh19-21

    2.2 Four approaches to discourse markers21-25

    2.2.1 The grammatical-pragmatic approach21-22

    2.2.2 The coherence-based approach22-24

    2.2.3 The cognitive-pragmatic approach24-25

    2.2.4 The sociopnguistics approach25

    2.3 Features and functions of discourse markers25-28

    CHAPTER THREE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK28-42

    3.1 Relevance theory28-35

    3.1.1 Cognitive environment and mutual manifestness28-29

    3.1.2 Contextual effects29-30

    3.1.3 Ostensive-inferential process30-31

    3.1.4 The principle of relevance theory31-33

    3.1.5 Conceptual and procedural meaning33-35

    3.2 Relevance-theoretical framework of discourse markers35-42

    3.2.1 Discourse markers and procedural encoding35-37

    3.2.2 Cognitive motivations for using discourse markers37-39

    3.2.3 Discourse markers and contextual effects39-42

    CHAPTER FOUR A RELEVANCE-THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF OH INLARRY KING LIVE42-82

    4.1 An introduction to Larry King Live42-44

    4.2 Relevance-theoretical account of the discourse marker oh44-49

    4.2.1 Discourse marker oh conveying procedural meaning45

    4.2.2 Discourse marker oh functioning in the ostensive-inferential process45-47

    4.2.3 Discourse marker oh deriving the contextual effects47-48

    4.2.4 Discourse marker oh in search of optimal relevance48-49

    4.3 Distinct pragmatic functions of discourse marker oh in Larry King Live49-82

    4.3.1 Oh as a cognitive state change marker51-59

    4.3.2 Oh as an information reformulation marker59-63

    4.3.2.1 Oh as a self-correcting marker60-61

    4.3.2.2 Oh as an other-correcting marker61-63

    4.3.3 Oh as a delay marker63-66

    4.3.4 Oh as an inferential marker66-70

    4.3.4.1 Oh as a self-inferential marker66-68

    4.3.4.2 Oh as an other-inferential marker68-70

    4.3.5 Oh as a face-threatening mitigating marker70-74

    4.3.5.1 Oh as a positive-face threatening mitigating marker71-73

    4.3.5.2 Oh as a negative-face threatening mitigating marker73-74

    4.3.6 Oh as an initiating marker74-82

    4.3.6.1 Oh as a topic and question initiating marker75-79

    4.3.6.2 Oh as a response initiating marker79-82

    CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION82-86

    5.1 Major findings82-83

    5.2 Imppcations of the present study83-85

    5.3 Limitations and suggestions for further study85-86

    REFERENCES86-92

    APPENDIXES92-99

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