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简析隐喻《最蓝眼睛》中概念隐喻

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摘要:随着认知语言学的进展,以亚里士多德为代表的传统隐喻受到严重挑战。莱考夫和约翰逊在他们划时代的《我们赖以存活的隐喻》一书中提出概念隐喻,这个理,论在学术界产生了强烈的影响。本论述主张隐喻是人类的认知机制。概念隐喻在本质上是一种“跨域映射”,让人们通过源喻来理解目标喻。莱考夫和约翰逊以认知角度将概念隐喻划分为三类:结构隐喻,方位隐喻和本体隐喻。本论文以认知语言学论述为基础,浅析了托尼·莫里森小说《最蓝的眼睛》中的概念隐喻。在论文中作者首先阐明了作为人类基本认知和思维方式的概念隐喻具有传统隐喻所无法比拟的解释力。同时证明了概念隐喻在《最蓝的眼睛》中的大量有着。尽管有学者已经以隐喻角度浅析过《最蓝的眼睛》,但是随着语言的进展,尤其是认知语言学的进展,作者认为概念隐喻能够更形象更生动地表达出《最蓝的眼睛》中的隐含信息。同时本论文还运用认知域、意象图式等认知语言学论述来协助浅析概念隐喻在《最蓝的眼睛》中的作用。本论文还详细介绍了广为学术界认可的概念隐喻的三种分类:结构隐喻,方位隐喻和本体隐喻。重点对小说中出现的这三种隐喻进行浅析。本论文共分为五章,第一章是引论,提出了探讨的背景,理由及策略。第二章是文献综述,回顾了概念隐喻进展的历程。第三章是本论文的重点,主要总结浅析了小说《最蓝的眼睛》中的主要人物,蓝眼睛,土壤,水果,白人的眼光以及皮克拉的祷告等几个有代表作用的隐喻。作者将重点放在这几个隐喻的理由是这些隐喻在小说情节构思,主题表达,人物刻画及文体特点等方面发挥了重要作用。它们对读者全面深入理解小说起到重要作用。第四章运用跨域映射论述对这三类概念隐喻进行了浅析。最后一章是对全文的概括总结。总之,概念隐喻在人们的日常生活中是普遍有着的,它不仅是人们的一种修辞手法,更是人们的一种认知方式。文中诠释的概念隐喻的认知功能进一步证明了概念隐喻在文学创作中起到一定作用。关键词:概念隐喻论文认知语言学论文《最蓝的眼睛》论文跨域映射论文

    摘要5-6

    Abstract6-12

    Chapter One Introduction12-15

    1.1 Motivations of the Study12-13

    1.2 Methods and Aims in the Study13-15

    Chapter Two Literature Review15-27

    2.1 An Introduction to Traditional Metaphor15-18

    2.1.1 Metaphor in Different Theories15-18

    2.1.1.1 The Comparison Theory15-16

    2.1.1.2 The Substitution Theory16

    2.1.1.3 The Interaction Theory16-17

    2.1.1.4 The Cognitive Linguistic Theory17-18

    2.1.1.5 Summary18

    2.2 A Brief Analysis of Conceptual Metaphors18-21

    2.2.1 An Introduction to Conceptual Metaphor19-21

    2.2.1.1 A Conceptual Metaphor is a Cross-Domain Mapping19-20

    2.2.1.2 Image Schema is Embodied in Conceptual Metaphors20-21

    2.3 The Classification of Conceptual Metaphor21-25

    2.3.1 Structural Metaphor22

    2.3.2 Ontological Metaphor22-23

    2.3.3 Orientational Metaphor23-25

    2.4 Review of Previous Research on Conceptual Metaphor in Literature25-27

    2.4.1 Literature Review of The Bluest Eye26-27

    Chapter Three Analysis of Conceptual Metaphors in The Bluest Eye27-45

    3.1 General Background of Toni Morrison27-29

    3.2 An Introduction to Morrison's Novel The Bluest Eye29-31

    3.3 Analysis of Three Types of Conceptual Metaphors in The Bluest Eye31-45

    3.3.1 Analysis of Main Characters from Perspective of Structural Metaphors31-37

    3.3.1.1 Paupne32-33

    3.3.1.2 Pecola33-35

    3.3.1.3 Cholly Breedlove35-36

    3.3.1.4 Claudia Macteer36-37

    3.3.2 Analysis of Blue Eye from Perspective of Structural Metaphors37-39

    3.3.2.1 Shadowy Dream38-39

    3.3.3 Ontological Metaphors Analysis of American Society39-40

    3.3.4 Analysis of Fruits from Perspective of Ontological Metaphors40-41

    3.3.5 Analysis of the Eyesight from Perspective of Orientational Metaphors41-44

    3.3.5.1 Up for High Status42

    3.3.5.2 Down for Low Status42

    3.3.5.3 Up for High Status; Down for Low Status42-43

    3.3.5.4 Down for Less43-44

    3.3.6 Analysis of Pecola's Pray from Perspective of Orientational Metaphors44-45

    Chapter Four Cross-Domain Mapping Analysis in Tony Morrison's The BluestEye45-54

    4.1 Cross-Domain Mapping Analysis45-53

    4.1.1 Cross-Domain Mapping of Two Structural Metaphors45-49

    4.1.1.1 Cholly's Life is a Journey45-48

    4.1.1.2 American Culture is House48-49

    4.1.2 Cross-Domain Mapping of One Orientational Metaphor49-50

    4.1.2.1 Social Status is the White's Eyesight49-50

    4.1.3 Cross-Domain Mapping of Two Ontological Metaphors50-53

    4.1.3.1 African Culture is Wild Vineyard50-51

    4.1.3.2 Three Countries are Three Prostitutes51-53

    4.2 Summary53-54

    Chapter Five Conclusions54-56

    5.1 Findings54-55

    5.2 Limitations of the Study55

    5.3 Suggestions for Further Studies55-56

    Bibpography56-58

    攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文及其它成果58-59

    Acknowledgments59

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